第二十四课 Regulation of Copyright (政府产业规制-麻理工学院 Michael Pollitt).pdfVIP

14.23 Government Regulation of Industry Class 24: Regulation of Copyright: The case of internet music MIT University of Cambridge 1 Outline • What is copyright? • The History of Napster • Economics of Copyright • The recorded music industry • Impact of file transfers on music industry • Should we stop file transfers? 2 History of Copyright • 1445 Gutenberg Press - printing invented. • 1547 England’s Edward VI grants monopoly to King’s printer for certain works. 1556 Charter granted the Stationer’s Company monopoly over printing and powers to enforce. • 1707 external competition from Scots to break monopoly. • English Copyright - Statute of Anne - 1709. – Legal protection for consumers of copyrighted works: • Curtailment of the term of copyright. – Public domain for literature created: • Copyright only for new works. • Copyright limited to power to print, publish and sell (i.e. no control of resale). • Copyright belonged to author/creator. 3 • Essential Principles of this statute exist today. Extension of US Copyright Law • 1790 - Books, maps and charts • 1802 - Prints • 1831 - Music • 1865 - Photographs • 1870 - Drama, paintings, drawings and sculpture • 1912 - Movies • 1964, 1976 - Computer Programs • 1971 - Records and tapes • 1976 - Dance • 1990 - Architecture • 1998 - Boat Hull designs 4 • What drives copyright scope extension? Limitations to copyright (US) • Exclusions from