凤头苍鹰于台湾北部次生林栖地中之食性 - 国立中兴大学实验林管理处.doc

鳳頭蒼鷹(Accipiter trivergatus)於森林中之食性及與共域之區隔 黃光瀛1 劉小如2 林曜松3 【摘要】本研究以目視法，食殘法以及食繭法於1995年至2002年間在北台灣相嵌森林地景環境中收集11個鳳頭蒼鷹(Accipiter trivergatus)巢之獵物樣本進行分析。結果顯示食物組成中哺乳類及鳥類總共貢獻61.7%的數量及96.8%的總生物量。雖然鳥類在食物樣本數量上最多(42.5%)，但他們的總生物量(45.4%)仍較哺乳類少(51.4%)。哺乳類中的鼠類與赤腹松鼠，鳥類中的五色鳥、麻雀、領角鴞及紫嘯鶇，爬蟲類中的黃口攀蜥及印度挺蜥以及昆蟲類的熊蟬為最常記錄的食物物種。相較於共域的台灣松雀鷹(Accipiter virgatus)而言，鳳頭蒼鷹有較高的獵物多樣性及食性寬度，也獵食較重的獵物。兩種猛禽之獵物在棲地中的空間分佈、可獲取性及活動靈活程度有所差異。 【關鍵字】獵物組成、食性、鳳頭蒼鷹、Accipiter trivergatus Diet of Crested Goshawk (Accipiter trivergatus) in orest and Diet Segregation with Sympatric Besra Sparrowhawk(A. vergatus) Kuang-Ying Huang1 Lucia Liu Severinghaus2 Yao-Sung Lin3 【Abstract】 We recorded 621 prey by direct observation, food remains and pellets collected from 11 Crested Goshawk (Accipiter trivergatus) nests in a Northern Taiwan mosaic forest landscape from 1995-2002. Mammals and birds contributed 61.7% of prey items and 96.8% of prey biomass. Although birds were the most common prey items (42.5%), they contributed less in prey biomass composition (45.4%) than mammals (51.4%). The prey items with high frequencies included rordents and Callosciurus erythraeus among mammals, Megalaima oorti, Passer montanus, Otus lettia and Myiophoneus insularis among birds,Japalura polygonata,and Sphenomorphus indicus among reptiles, and Cryptotympanp holsti among insects. Contrary to the sympatric Besra Sparrowhawk (Accipiter virgatus), Crested Goshawk had higher prey diversity and appeared to preyed on species heavier in weight. Prey spatial distribution, availability and their mobility also differ between these two congeneric species. 【Key words】Prey composition, Diet analysis, Crested Goshawk, Accipiter trivergatus 1.陽明山國家公園管理處 Yangmingshan National park, Taipei, Taiwan, 2.中央研究院生物多樣性研究中心 Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 3.台灣大學生態暨演化生物學研究所 Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology一、前言 猛禽(raptor)是陸域生態系中具三度空間活動力的高級消費者，以其他動物（特別是脊椎動物）為主食(Newton,1979)，與陸域其他食性的鳥類如植食者(herbivore)、食種子者(gr