animal models of psychiatric disorders that reflect human copy number variation精神疾病的动物模型,以反映人类的拷贝数变异.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Neural Plasticity Volume 2012, Article ID 589524, 9 pages doi:10.1155/2012/589524 Review Article Animal Models of Psychiatric Disorders That Reflect Human Copy Number Variation Jun Nomura1 and Toru Takumi1, 2 1 Laboratory of Integrative Bioscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan 2 Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), CREST, Chiyoda, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Toru Takumi, takumi@hiroshima-u.ac.jp Received 12 March 2012; Revised 11 June 2012; Accepted 13 June 2012 Academic Editor: Hansen Wang Copyright © 2012 J. Nomura and T. Takumi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The development of genetic technologies has led to the identification of several copy number variations (CNVs) in the human genome. Genome rearrangements affect dosage-sensitive gene expression in normal brain development. There is strong evidence associating human psychiatric disorders, especially autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia to genetic risk factors and accumulated CNV risk loci. Deletions in 1q21, 3q29, 15q13, 17p12, and 22q11, as well as duplications in 16p11, 16p13, and 15q11- 13 have been reported as recurrent CNVs in ASD and/or schizophrenia. Chromosome engineering can be a useful technology to reflect human diseases in animal models, especially CNV-based psychiatric disorders. This system, based on the Cre/loxP strategy, uses large chromosome rearrangement such as deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation. Although it is h