bladder cancer detection using electrical impedance technique (tabriz mark 1)膀胱癌使用电阻抗检测技术(大不里士马克1).pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Pathology Research International Volume 2012, Article ID 470101, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/470101 Research Article Bladder Cancer Detection Using Electrical Impedance Technique (Tabriz Mark 1) Ahmad Keshtkar,1 Zeinab Salehnia,1 Asghar Keshtkar,2 and Behrooz Shokouhi3 1 Medical Physics Department, Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2 The Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Ghazvin, Iran 3 The Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Ahmad Keshtkar, mpp98ak@ Received 7 October 2011; Revised 16 January 2012; Accepted 14 February 2012 Academic Editor: Marco Volante Copyright © 2012 Ahmad Keshtkar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Bladder cancer is the fourth most common malignant neoplasm in men and the eighth in women. Bladder pathology is usually investigated visually by cystoscopy. In this technique, biopsies are obtained from the suspected area and then, after needed procedure, the diagnostic information can be taken. This is a relatively difficult procedure and is associated with discomfort for the patient and morbidity. Therefore, the electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), a minimally invasive screening technique, can be used to separate malignant areas from nonmalignant areas in the urinary bladder. The feasibility of adapting this technique to screen for bladder cancer and abnormalities during cystoscopy has been explored and compared with histopathologi