robots learn writing机器人学习写作.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Robotics Volume 2012, Article ID 505191, 15 pages doi:10.1155/2012/505191 Research Article Robots Learn Writing Huan Tan,1 Qian Du,2 and Na Wu3 1 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA 2 Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China 3 Graduate School of Decision and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan Correspondence should be addressed to Huan Tan, huantan@ Received 19 March 2012; Accepted 19 June 2012 Academic Editor: Huosheng Hu Copyright © 2012 Huan Tan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This paper proposes a general method for robots to learn motions and corresponding semantic knowledge simultaneously. A modified ISOMAP algorithm is used to convert the sampled 6D vectors of joint angles into 2D trajectories, and the required movements for writing numbers are learned from this modified ISOMAP-based model. Using this algorithm, the knowledge models are established. Learned motion and knowledge models are stored in a 2D latent space. Gaussian Process (GP) method is used to model and represent these models. Practical experiments are carried out on a humanoid robot, named ISAC, to learn the semantic representations of numbers and the movements of writing numbers through imitation and to verify the effectiveness of this framework. This framework is applied into training a humanoid robot, named ISAC. At the learning stage, ISAC not only learns the dynamics of the movement required to write the n