基层医院输血申请单填写现状及整改.docVIP

基层医院输血申请单填写现状及整改[摘要] 目的：通过对既往输血申请单填写存在问题的分析整理，有针对性地进行整改，达到强化安全意识，提高申请质量，确保用血安全。方法：分析过往共计1 097份输血申请单，对存在的问题分类，并在实际工作中加以纠正。结果：强化审核前输血申请单填写合格率较低。经不断持续改进，情况好转。结论：输血工作是一项复杂而细致的工作，广大医务人员需严格遵循相关法规，防患于未然，才能确保用血安全；基层医院临床用血有待进一步规范。 [关键词] 输血安全；输血申请单；输血指征；持续改进 [中图分类号] R457.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-7210（2011）11（b）-157-02 Current status and improvement of the completion of blood transfusion application form in primary hospitals JIANG Liang, ZHONG Fengchao, MAI Xianchang Department of Blood Transfusion, Shunde District Longjiang Hospital in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, Foshan 528318, China [Abstract] Objective: To enhance the safety awareness, improve application quality, and ensure blood safety by analyzing and summarizing the problem existed in the filling out of the blood transfusion application form. Methods: 1 097 blood transfusion forms were analyzed and the problems were classified and corrected in practice. Results: The pass rate of blood transfusion forms were lower before strengthening the review of the forms, but it was improved after strengthening the review of the forms. Conclusion: Blood transfusion is a complex and painstaking work, thus medical staffs need to strictly follow the relevant laws and regulations and take preventive measures to ensure blood safety. Clinical blood using in the primary hospitals needs to be further standardized. [Key words] Blood safety; Transfusion application form; Transfusion indications; Continuous improvement 随着医学学科和临床实践的不断发展，输血学已经发展成为一门独立的学科，与相关的生物学、基础医学以及临床学科交融渗透，不断拓展，临床输血已成为在诊疗中不可替代的一种治疗手段；同时，医院输血学科建设与管理的好坏，不仅直接影响着临床医学的发展、医院整体医疗工作，更与患者的安危、医院的医疗质量等密切相关。因此，保证临床科学、安全、合理、有效用血既是输血学科建设的持续发展方向，也是学科建设的目的所在。虽然现今科技的进步和实践的发展使临床输血更加安全和有效，但任何治疗手段都不可能是完美无缺的，为尽可能地保障临床用血安全、科学、合理、有效，国家及相关行业制订了大量相关法律规范，以达到规范临床用血、促进医疗卫生事业和输血学科健康持续发展的目的。各级各类医疗卫生机构在这些标准和规范的框架内，做了大量切实有效的工作，但由于各种原因在临床用血过程中仍存在一些问题[1]，尤其是处于最基层的卫生机构，这些问题和矛盾还比较突出：目前基层医院输血科（血库）普遍隶属于检验科管理，工作人员数量欠缺与结构不合理，专业人才缺乏，制度与规范不齐备，执行力度欠缺，临床输血理念滞后，各项临床输血相关诊疗程序在操作过程中细节粗糙不规范，用血指征控