托福TOEFL语法句法完整版ppt.ppt

从句的类型 主句 定语从句 在句中充当定语的句子就叫做定语从句，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，修饰从句的先行词。 先行词 如果先行词是the girl,表示人，则引导词应是who或whom或that, 从句谓语必须是第三人称单数形式； She is the girl whom I saw in the zoo yesterday.　　　She is the girl who sells computer. 如果先行词是the goods, 则引导词是that或which, 从句谓语是第三人称复数形式 Do you get the photos that I sent last week. 例题： (1) 　A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets carry a supply that 　　　　　 A　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B　　 C last just a few seconds. D (2) ?Resin is a substance that ---- in water.?(A) does not dissolve?(B) do not dissolve?(C) not dissolving?(D) not dissolved 关系代词： 大部分定语从句都由关系代词引导，主要的关系代词包括：that, who, which, whom, whose, 其中可以代替人（指先行词）的是：that, who, whom；代替物的是that, which；whose之前既可接人又可接物，但必须和名词搭配使用。 (1) Jackie McLean‘s recordings have shown that he is one of the few 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A jazz musicians who style of playing has kept pace with the evolution 　 B　　　　　 C　　　　　　　　　 D of modern jazz. 介词前置于关系代词： 当关系代词作句中介词的宾语时，介词可以前置于关系代词，此时关系代词不能省略，而且只能用which或whom. 如： This is the road by which we came.? ? That is the man about whom we have heard so much.注意：先行词为the way的定语从句中in which习惯上可以省略 This is the way (in which) I make the problem out. (1) And ideal is a standard ---- people judge phenomena.? (A) how? (B) of? (C) by which? (D) for it (2) In reorganizing the curriculum of Mt. Holyoke College in the late1800s Elizabeth Mead laid the foundation ---- the modern college rests.?(A) is which?(B) on which?(C) which is on?(D) on it 关系副词： 定语从句还可以由关系副词when, where或why引导，关系副词在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语 如：Have you ever been to the house where he used to live? (where=in which) I could hardly forget the day when my uncle passed away. (when=on which) Tell me the reason why I am fired. (why=for which) The knee is the joint----the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.?(A) when?(B) where?(C) why?(D) which  状语从句 状语从句是从句中的一大类，在考题中更是频