果蔬采后病原真菌分泌胞外酶的研究进展-河南农业科学.pdfVIP

※专题论述 食品科学 2016, Vol.37, No.15 265 果蔬采后病原真菌分泌胞外酶的研究进展 葛永红，李灿婴，吕静祎，励建荣* （渤海大学食品科学与工程学院，辽宁省食品安全重点实验室，生鲜农产品贮藏加工及安全控制技术国家地方联合工程研究 中心，辽宁 锦州 121013 ） 摘  要：果蔬采后腐烂大部分由真菌引起，真菌侵染寄主后能否导致发病，取决于病原菌的致病能力、寄主自身的 防卫反应和环境条件。在适宜的环境条件下，病原菌大量繁殖，并通过分泌胞外酶、产生毒素和病原物激素从而引 起寄主发病。在发病过程中，胞外酶是最重要的致病因子。本文综述了病原真菌产生胞外酶的种类、致病机理及影 响因素，为果蔬采后病害的控制提供理论依据。 关键词：胞外酶；真菌；致病性 Progress in Extracellular Enzymes Secreted by Postharvest Decay Fungi in Fruits and Vegetables GE Yonghong, LI Canying, LÜ Jingyi, LI Jianrong* (National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Food Safety Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China) Abstract: Postharvest decay of fruits and vegetables is mainly caused by fungi. The pathogenicity of the fungi, host defense responses and environmental conditions can affect decay severity of fruits and vegetables. Generally, under appropriate environmental conditions, the pathogens multiply, secrete extracellular enzymes and produce toxins and hormones that cause the decay of their host fruits and vegetables. Extracellular enzymes secreted by the fungi play the most important role in the occurrence of postharvest diseases. This paper reviews the classification of extracellular enzymes produced pathogenic fungi as well as the mechanism and influencing factors of their pathogenicity aiming to provide a theoretical basis for postharvest disease control of fruits and vegetables. Key words: extracellular enzyme; fungus; pathogenicity DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201615045 中图分类号：TS255