高中阅读理解技巧(1).docVIP

一、题型特点与命题方式 【设题类型】 1、概括文章大意；2、选出最佳题目（标题）；3、概括人物特点。 【设问形式】 1、标题类常见的标题型题干： 1) The best title / headline for this passage might be_____________. 2) The text (passage) could be entitled ______________. 3) What is the best title for the passage? 4) Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage? 2、大意类常见的主题型题干： 1) This passage chiefly deals with ____________. 2) What’s the topic of the article? 3) What is the subject discussed in the text? 4) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?【命题趋势】 考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。常见题型为最佳标题（title）或中心思想（main idea）infer, imply, suggest, conclude等。解题思路与应试技巧 做这类题时常用略读法。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句。把各个段落的主题句联系起来着眼于全文结构安排，了解文章的重心，就能概括出文章的中心。1.1.1、标题类 文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。标题可帮助读者迅速推测出整篇文章的主要内容，抓住文章讨论的中心，把握作者的观点和意图。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。 【考例】 (2009全国卷I) 文章最后一段：While I was wondering what I could do next, I heard the sound of a mother’s love. 59. What can be the best title for the text? A. A Mother’s Love B. A Brave Act C. A Deadly River D. A Matter of Life and Death (2009天津卷，D篇)“The physical sensation（感觉） of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.” 55. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation C. Developing Better Drinking Habits D. Physical Sensations and Emotions 1.1.2、大意类 方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词。) 。转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。 【考例】When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment,