冷轧过程工艺控制.doc

铝材冷轧过程工艺控制及产品表面质量的实验研究 王 录1，孙建林1，马艳丽1，高雅1 ( 1北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院，北京100083Wang Lu1, Sun Jian-lin1, Ma Yan-li1, Gao Ya1 (1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083) Abstract: In the processing of cold rolling aluminum, the content and species of rolling oil within different additives can be controlled to improve the quality of aluminum. It was used in this experiment for rolling the same thickness aluminum by adopting combination additives selected primarily. A deep analysis and evaluation of surface quality has been done on investigation data of this experiment. The results indicate that, rolling with lubrication can reduce friction and improve production efficiency. The surface roughness and quality of aluminum after rolling are also decreased at same time. Lubrication additives will have done their work when the lubrication states are mainly in boundary lubrication. Different lubricants exert their own function in the rolling process. The comparison results show that the oil-film strength of compound additives is superior to that of single additives, and the oil-film strength of additives with alcohol-ester is equivalent to that of mixed alcohol. Nevertheless, the additive containing alcohol-ester can produce better effect, both in the aspects of antifriction and the improvement of surface quality. Key words: aluminum, cold rolling, surface quality, lubrication additive 自国务院节能减排方案的提出，人们愈加意识到 “十一五”期间降低能源消耗和减少污染排放的重要性，迫切需要一种“节能减排型”润滑剂，因而需要润滑剂不仅具有合适的粘度、良好的退火清洁度等性能，还要能够有效地减小轧后产品表面粗糙度、降低能源和减少环境污染等。良好的润滑剂能够起到减摩降压作用，并且显著改善产品表面质量；若润滑剂的润滑效果太差，轧后会产生明显的表面缺陷[1]，如压痕、划痕等。因此在铝板带冷轧润滑剂的选择上除了顺应当前金属轧制生产与技术发展，更应具备节能环保等特性。本文通过测定油膜强度初步选出合适的添加剂，并进行模拟铝板带冷轧实验，对铝板轧制工艺参数及轧后表面质量进行研究（如表面粗糙度及表面显微形貌等），比较分析采用不同复合添加剂减摩降压的效果以及改善轧后产品质量的能力。 1 复合添加剂的选择 由于基础油所形成的油膜与金属表面只产生物理吸附，吸附力小，润滑性差，所以在工业轧制铝材上需要在基础油中加入添加剂，从而提高油膜边界润滑能力。对于铝轧制用油性添加剂，主要是能与金属表面发生物理吸附长链脂肪酸、醇、酯。由于他们的极性和表现出的使用性能[2]不同，因此添加剂的类型和结构在润滑剂中起着关键作用。研究表明[3-6]：单一添加剂并不能起到良好的润滑效果，工业中往往使用复合