anti-bacterial effects of poly-n-acetyl-glucosamine nanofibers in cutaneous wound healing requirement for akt1抗菌效果poly-n-acetyl-glucosamine纳米纤维在皮肤伤口愈合akt1要求.pdfVIP

Anti-Bacterial Effects of Poly-N-Acetyl-Glucosamine Nanofibers in Cutaneous Wound Healing: Requirement for Akt1 1 3 1 2 4 3 Haley Buff Lindner , Aiguo Zhang , Juanita Eldridge , Marina Demcheva , Philip Tsichilis , Arun Seth , 2 1 John Vournakis , Robin C. Muise-Helmericks * 1 Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America, 2 Marine Polymer Technologies, Danvers, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 4 Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract Background: Treatment of cutaneous wounds with poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine nanofibers (sNAG) results in increased kinetics of wound closure in diabetic animal models, which is due in part to increased expression of several cytokines, growth factors, and innate immune activation. Defensins are also important for wound healing and anti-microbial activities. Therefore, we tested whether sNAG nanofibers induce defensin expression resulting in bacterial clearance. Methodology: The role of sNAG in defensin expression was examined using immunofluoresence microscopy, pharmacological inhibition, and shRNA knockdown in vitro. The ability of sNAG treatment to induce defensin expression and bacterial clearance in WT and AKT1 2/ 2 mice was carried out using immunofluoresent microscopy and tissue gram staining. Neutralization, using an antibody directed against b-defensin 3, was utilized to