are members of the fungal genus pneumocystis (a) commensals; (b) opportunists; (c) pathogens; or (d) all of the above肺孢子菌属的真菌共生体(一个);.pdfVIP

Pearls Are Members of the Fungal Genus Pneumocystis (a) Commensals; (b) Opportunists; (c) Pathogens; or (d) All of the Above? Melanie T. Cushion1,2* 1 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, 2 The Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America What Kind of Fungi Are Pneumocystis? Where Are They Found and How Do They Replicate? Members of the genus Pneumocystis are microscopic yeast-like fungi that reside in the lungs of almost every mammal that has Pneumocystis spp. are considered ubiquitous fungi and are found been evaluated for their presence. They grow extracellularly in the in the lungs of terrestrial mammals from almost all geographic alveoli of mammals and are considered to be host obligate, as they regions with the possible exception of the Arctic and Antarctica, cannot grow outside the lung on artificial media. Pneumocystis where their presence has not yet been surveyed. Definitive studies species (spp.) are typically restricted to the lungs, although extra- of Pneumocystis in marine mammals have not been reported. No pulmonary manifestations have been reported [1]. Considered to environmental forms of Pneumocystis have been identified providing be zoonotic (able to infect more than one mammalian species), additional evidence that they are dependent upon their hosts for these organisms once were referred to as a single genus and growth and transmission without need of an intermediate vector or species, ‘‘Pneumocystis carinii’’. It is now clear that distinct species of requirement for maturation