cryptococcus and beyond—inositol utilization and its implications for the emergence of fungal virulence隐球菌和beyond-inositol利用率对真菌毒力的出现及其影响.pdfVIP

Pearls Cryptococcus and Beyond—Inositol Utilization and Its Implications for the Emergence of Fungal Virulence Chaoyang Xue1,2* 1 Public Health Research Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America, 2 Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, United States of America There are over one million fungal species in nature, but only a inositol in a multiple-step inositol biosynthetic pathway in which handful of them cause human diseases. A variety of distinct factors the inositol 3-phosphate synthase (Ino1) is the rate-determining aid the virulence of fungi in their transition from environmental enzyme [12]. Inositol can also be imported from the extracellular reservoirs to mammals. One important factor is their ability to environment via inositol transporters (ITRs). Cryptococcus can use acquire nutrients efficiently so that they can survive and thrive in a inositol both as a carbon source and as a precursor to generate nutrient-limiting host environment. The human fungal pathogen secondary messages that are important for regulating cellular Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans) is the most common cause of functions and for adapting to environmental signals. Interestingly, fungal meningitis, yet the mechanisms of Cryptococcus neurotropism in contrast to only one or two inositol transporters present in most remain poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed that fungi, Cryptococcus contains an unusually large inositol transporter Cryptococcus has evolved sophisticated acquisition systems to utilize gene family with over ten members, derived in part from recent