does tropical forest fragmentation increase long-term variability of butterfly communities是热带森林碎片增加蝴蝶社区的长期变化.pdfVIP

Does Tropical Forest Fragmentation Increase Long-Term Variability of Butterfly Communities? 1 ¤ 1 2,3,4 Allison K. Leidner * , Nick M. Haddad , Thomas E. Lovejoy 1 Department of Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America, 2 H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the ˆ Environment, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America, 3 Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia and Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, 4 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America Abstract Habitat fragmentation is a major driver of biodiversity loss. Yet, the overall effects of fragmentation on biodiversity may be obscured by differences in responses among species. These opposing responses to fragmentation may be manifest in higher variability in species richness and abundance (termed hyperdynamism), and in predictable changes in community composition. We tested whether forest fragmentation causes long-term hyperdynamism in butterfly communities, a taxon that naturally displays large variations in species richness and community composition. Using a dataset from an experimentally fragmented landscape in the central Amazon that spanned 11 years, we evaluated the effect of fragmentation on changes in species richness and community composition through time. Overall, adjusted species richness (adjusted for survey duration) did not differ betwe