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early endocardial morphogenesis requires scltal1早期心内膜形态发生需要scltal1
Early Endocardial Morphogenesis
Requires Scl/Tal1
1 1,2 1*
Jeroen Bussmann , Jeroen Bakkers , Stefan Schulte-Merker
1 Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands, 2 Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
The primitive heart tube is composed of an outer myocardial and an inner endocardial layer that will give rise to the
cardiac valves and septa. Specification and differentiation of these two cell layers are among the earliest events in
heart development, but the embryonic origins and genetic regulation of early endocardial development remain largely
undefined. We have analyzed early endocardial development in the zebrafish using time-lapse confocal microscopy
and show that the endocardium seems to originate from a region in the lateral plate mesoderm that will give rise to
hematopoietic cells of the primitive myeloid lineage. Endocardial precursors appear to rapidly migrate to the site of
heart tube formation, where they arrive prior to the bilateral myocardial primordia. Analysis of a newly discovered
zebrafish Scl/Tal1 mutant showed an additional and previously undescribed role of this transcription factor during the
development of the endocardium. In Scl/Tal1 mutant embryos, endocardial precursors are specified, but migration is
severely defective and endocardial cells aggregate at the ventricular pole of the heart. We further show that the initial
fusion of the bilateral myocardial precursor populations occurs independently of the endocardium and tal1 function.
Our results suggest early separation of the two components of the primitive heart tube and imply Scl/Tal1 as an
indispensable component of the molecular hierarchy that controls endocardium morphogenesis.
Citation: Bussmann J, Bakkers J, Schulte-Merker S (2007) Early endocardial morphogenesis requires Scl/Tal1. PLoS Genet 3(8):
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