随机起伏界面声散射的试验与理论研究-声学技术.PDF

第 33 卷第 4 期 声 学 技 术 Vol.33, No.4 2014 年 08 月 Technical Acoustics Aug., 2014 随机起伏界面声散射的实验与理论研究 孟昭然，孙 辉 (哈尔滨工程大学水声技术重点实验室，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001) 摘要：进行了二维粗糙海面声波散射特性的水池实验，测量了不同入射角、散射角以及方位角条件下所对应的散射 强度。实验通过不同位置风扇对水面的吹拂获得粗糙水面，分别对水平面上互相垂直的两个方向上的水面波高变化 进行了测量，利用周期图法估计出这两个方向上的空间功率谱，验证了实验中的粗糙水面是各向同性的。利用改进 的空间域处理技术去除了总声波信号中的直达波和其他固定位置散射体的散射信号，获得了粗糙水面的声波散射信 号。利用小斜率近似方法计算了二维粗糙海面的声散射特性。实验与模拟计算结果比较，证实了计算二维粗糙海面 声波散射特性的小斜率近似方法的有效性与准确性，相互印证了实验与理论。 关键词：起伏界面；声散射；小斜率近似 中图分类号：TB533 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-3630(2014)-04-0299-05 DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn1000-3630.2014.04.003 Experimental and theoretical research on acoustic scattering strength of rough surface MENG Zhao-ran, SUN Hui (Science and Technology on Underwater Acoustic Laboratory, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China) Abstract: An experiment about acoustic scattering strength of rough sea surface has been conducted at pool. The vari- ation of the scattering strength with different incident angles, scattering angles, and azimuth angles are measured. In the experiment, fans at different positions are used to obtain the rough sea surface. And the rough sea surface’s spatial power spectrum density is obtained with the method of period gram method. The horizontal spatial power spectrum density is compared with the vertical one, and the result shows that the rough sea surface is isotropic. In order to eliminate the direct signal and the scattering signals from the scatters at other fixed positions in the total rough surface scattering signal, a spatial domain processing method is introduced. Acoustic scattering from the 2-D rough surface by the small slope approxi