试评红楼梦中称谓语的翻译.docVIP

试评《红楼梦》中称谓语的翻译 在人类社会中，称谓系统是一个极其庞大的语言文化系统。《红楼梦》是中国古典文学宝库中一颗璀璨夺目的明珠这是一部描写了中国封建时代末期的社会风俗画似的小说。在这部描写封建社会贵族世家的鸿篇巨著中，大小人物达数百个之多。人物之间的语言交际过程中所使用的称谓丰富多彩，使用规则也极其繁杂，《红楼梦》称谓进行简要分析，并对比研究其中一些称谓的。Though Tai-yu had never met her, she knew from her mother that ChiaLien, the son of her first uncle Chia Sheh had married the niece of Lady Wang ,her second uncle’ s wife. She had been educated like a boy and given the school-room name Hsi-feng. Tai-yu lost no time in greeting her with a smile as “cousin”. 霍译：She remembered having heard her mother say that her elder uncle, Uncle she ,had a son called Jia Lian who was married to the niece of her uncle Zheng’s wife, Lady Wang. She had been brought up from earliest childhood just like a boy, and had acquired in the Schoolroom the somewhat boyish-name of Wang Xi-Feng. Dai-yu accordingly smiled and curtseyed, greeting her by her correct name as she did so. 2、正是呢!我一见了妹妹,一心都在他身上,又是喜欢,又是伤心,竟忘记了老祖宗。该打,该 打! (第三回) 杨译:I was so carried away by joy and sorrow at sight of my little cousin .I forgot our Old Ancestress. I deserve to be cane. 霍译：It was just that seeing my little cousin here put everything else out of my mind…… 以上两处,杨都采用了变通法和换算法前者将汉语中的表嫂通过推理换算成英语“cousin”非常符合译入语的称谓习惯。而霍确没把“嫂”字译出来，我觉得这就不能够较好地传达原文的意思，也不能让译语读者了解中国特有的文化，所以杨处理的较好。 后者二人都将“妹妹”译为“my little cousin”则更显示了译者的匠心,说明译者对原文中的人物关系和人物性格进行过深入细致的研究,对称呼语的感情色彩把握十分准确。“妹妹”显然不能译为“younger sister”,否则,读者会误解二人的关系。译者用“cousin”一词,加上“my little”,准确地译出了“表嫂”对“表妹”的亲切呵护之情,传神地再现了王熙凤在贾母面前所表现出的费尽心机的讨好和逢迎。 3、王夫人笑指向黛玉道：“这是你凤姐姐的屋子”’s where your cousin Xifeng lives. 霍译：“that，”said Lady Wang ,pointing to the little house ，“ is where your Cousin Lian’s wife, Wang Xi-feng, lives” 4贾母因笑道：“外客未见，就脱了衣裳，还不去见你妹妹！visitor. Hurry up now and pay your respects to your cousin.” 霍译：”Grandmother Jia chided indulgently on seeing Bao-yu back again. Aren’t you going to pay your respect to your cousin?” 第3句中，对于“凤姐姐”sister feng “这是由于黛玉和王熙凤并没有血缘关系----王熙凤是黛玉的大舅的儿媳妇，而是根据语境对原语的称谓进行推理换算，译为cousin，称谓明确，易于理解。同理，第4句中，根据亲属关系，二者把“妹妹”都译为cousin,