Current Concepts Review User’s Guide to the （当前概念审查用户的指南）.pdf

 COPYRIGHT © 2002 BY THE JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY, INCORPORATED Current Concepts Review User’s Guide to the Orthopaedic Literature: How to Use a Systematic Literature Review BY MOHIT BHANDARI, MD, MSC, GORDON H. GUYATT, MD, MSC, VICTOR MONTORI, MD, P.J. DEVEREAUX, MD, AND MARC F. SWIONTKOWSKI, MD Investigation performed at the Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota ➤ Investigators who perform a systematic review address a focused clinical question, conduct a thorough search of the literature, apply inclusion and exclusion criteria to each potentially eligible study, critically appraise the rel- evant studies, conduct sensitivity analyses, and synthesize the information to draw conclusions relevant to pa- tient care or additional study. ➤ A meta-analysis is a quantitative (or statistical) pooling of results across eligible studies with the aim of increas- ing the precision of the final estimates by increasing the sample size. ➤ The current increase in the number of small randomized trials in orthopaedic surgery provides a strong argu- ment in favor of meta-analysis; however, the quality of the primary studies included ultimately reflects the quality of the pooled data from a meta-analysis. The conduct and publication of systematic reviews of the ortho- information nevertheless often find these reviews very useful paedic literature, which often include statistical pooling or for obtaining a c