Introduction to Unix EMBnet（介绍Unix EMBnet）.pdfVIP

Unix tutorial Introduction to Unix / VI, March 2005 Page 1 Unix tutorial Outline • Basic background in Unix structure • Directories and files I (listing, navigation, filenames) • Directories and files II (working with files their content) • Redirection (output, input, pipes) • Editors • Access rights, processes • Other useful Unix commands VI, March 2005 Page 2 Unix - basic background (oversimplified) UNIX is a common operating system (suite of programs which make the computer work) made up of three parts; the kernel, the shell and the programs. The kernel The kernel of UNIX is the hub of the operating system: it allocates time and memory to programs and handles the filestore and communications in response to system calls. The shell The shell acts as an interface between the user and the kernel. When a user logs in, the login program checks the username and password, and then starts another program called the shell. The shell is a command line interpreter (CLI). The commands are themselves programs: when they terminate, the shell gives the user another prompt (~ on our systems). VI, March 2005 Page 3 Unix - basic background (oversimplified) Filename Completion By typing part of the name of a command, filename or directory and pressing the [Tab] key, the shell will complete the rest of the name automatically. If the shell finds more than one name beginning with those letters you have typed, it will beep, prompting you to type a few more letters before pressing the tab key again. History The shell keeps a list of the commands you have typed