Seismic Design of Earth Retaining Structures （挡土墙结构的抗震设计）.pdfVIP

Seismic Design of Earth Retaining Structures By Atop Lego, M.Tech (Struct.) SSW (E/Z) AP, PWD; Itanagar Introduction The problem of retaining soil is one the oldest in the geotechnical engineering; some of the earliest and most fundamental principles of soil mechanics were developed to allow rational design of retaining walls. Many approaches to soil retention have been developed and used successfully. In the recent years, the development of metallic, polymer, and geotextile reinforcement has also led to the development of many innovative types of mechanically stabilized earth retention system. Retaining walls are often classified in terms of their relative mass, flexibility, and anchorage condition. The common types of the retaining wall are: 1. Gravity Retaining wall 2. Cantilever Retaining wall 3. Counter fort Retaining wall 4. Reinforced Soil Retaining wall 5. Anchored bulkhead a. Gravity b. Cantilever c. Reinforced soil Wall wall wall d. Anchored e. Counterfort Retaining bulkhead Fig. 1 Common type of Retaining Wall Gravity Retaining walls (Fig 1 a) are the oldest and simplest type of retaining walls. The gravity wall retaining walls are thick and stiff enough that they do not bend; their movement occurs essentially by rigid body translation and or by rotation. 2 The cantil