现代分子生物学第三章课后答案（The third chapter of modern molecular biology）.docVIP

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现代分子生物学第三章课后答案（The third chapter of modern molecular biology）.doc

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现代分子生物学第三章课后答案（The third chapter of modern molecular biology）

现代分子生物学第三章课后答案（The third chapter of modern molecular biology） The structure of the 1 molecule is relatively stable 2 be able to replicate and maintain continuity between offspring 3 can guide the synthesis of proteins, thereby controlling the whole process of life 4 can produce heritable variation 2. what is nucleosome? Its formation process is briefly described. Chromatin filaments consisting of DNA and histones are the beads of many nucleosomes. Nucleosomes are eight dimers generated by each of two molecules of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 and are composed of about 200bp DNA. The eight polymer is in the center, the DNA molecules are coiled outside, and the H1 is outside the nucleosome. Each nucleosome has only one H1. Thus, the ratio of histones to DNA in nucleosome is H2A, H2B, H3, H4, two per 200bpDNA, H1 each. Hydrolysis of nucleosomes with nuclease yields only 146bp core particles, including histone eight dimers and their binding 146bpDNA, which form around the core, forming 1.75 rings, each about 80bp. Successive chromatin DNA filaments are formed by many nucleosomes. Nucleosome formation is the first stage of DNA compression in chromosomes. In nucleosome, DNA coils the histone eight poly core, which causes molecules to shrink to the original size of 1/7. 200bpDNA stretches about 68nm when fully stretched, but is compressed into the nucleosome of 10nm. Nucleosome is only the first step in DNA compression. Nucleosome long chain 200bp - nuclease preliminary treatment - nucleosome monomer 200bp - nuclease continue to process core particles 146bp 3 briefly describe the composition and assembly process of eukaryotic chromosomes In addition to sex cells, all diploid, DNA and a large number of proteins and nuclear membranes, nucleosome is the most basic unit of chromosome structure. The core of the nucleosome is a flattened globular dimer consisting of 4 groups of proteins (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) each of two molecules of 8. Proteins include histones and non histone proteins.