生化习题（Biochemical exercises）.doc

生化习题（Biochemical exercises） The fourth chapter is sugar metabolism [teaching purposes and requirements] 1. grasp the concept of glycolysis, cell location, reaction process, key enzymes, or speed limiting enzymes. Be familiar with the ATP production and physiological significance of glycolysis; 2. master the concept of aerobic oxidation, cell location, reaction process, key enzymes, or speed limiting enzymes. Be familiar with the ATP production and physiological significance of aerobic oxidation of sugars; 3. to grasp the characteristics and physiological significance of pentose phosphate pathway and to understand the reaction process of pentose phosphate pathway. 4. to grasp the definition, organization and cell localization, key enzymes and physiological significance of glycogen synthesis and decomposition, and to understand the process and regulation of glycogen synthesis and decomposition. 5. master the concept, raw material, key enzyme, tissue and cell location of gluconeogenesis. Be familiar with the process of gluconeogenesis and lactic acid cycle and its physiological significance. 6. grasp the concept of blood glucose, the level of fasting blood glucose, the source and route of blood sugar, the mechanism of reducing blood sugar by insulin, and the mechanism of glucagon increasing blood sugar. Be familiar with the regulatory mechanism of adrenaline. To understand the regulatory mechanism of glucocorticoids. [emphasis] 1. the concept of glycolysis, cell location, reaction process, key enzymes or rate limiting enzymes; 2. the concept of aerobic oxidation of sugar, cell localization, reaction process, pyruvate oxidation decarboxylation, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, reaction process of three carboxylic acid cycle, characteristics, speed limiting enzymes and physiological significance; Physiological significance of 3. pentose phosphate pathway; 4. concept, tissue and cell localization, key enzymes and physiological significance of glycogen synthesis and decompo