病理生理学复习题（A review of pathophysiology）.doc

病理生理学复习题（A review of pathophysiology） A review of pathophysiology First, the multiple-choice question 1. the overall sign of death is () A. heartbeat stopped B. brain death C. respiratory arrest D. mydriasis E. brain waves are at zero potential 2. which of the following is immune deficiency disease? A. lupus erythematosus B. penicillin allergy C. breast cancer D. AIDS E. hepatitis 3. the necessary factor for disease is () Conditions of A. disease B. causes of the disease Risk factors for C. disease The cause of D. disease External causes of E. disease 4. the correct concept of health is... A. is healthy without sickness B. means good health C. is in a completely good state of mind D. refers to the perfect state of social adjustment E. refers to the physical, psychological and social state of complete good 5., the main factor determining extracellular fluid osmolality is () A.Ca2+ B.Na+ C.Cl- D.K+ E.Pr- 6. daily minimum urine volume of normal adults A.1000ml B.800ml C.500ml D.300ml E.100ml 7. hyperventilation during metabolic acidosis can produce () A. hypertonic dehydration, B. hypotonic dehydration C. isotonic dehydration D. water intoxication E. edema 8. water and electrolyte disorders that can cause partial intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage are () A. hypertonic dehydration, B. hypotonic dehydration C. isotonic dehydration, D., acute water intoxication E. brain edema 9. hypokalemia refers to serum potassium levels below: () A.1.5mmol/L B.2.5mmol/L C.3.5mmol/L D.4.5mmol/L E.5.5mmol/l 10. when hypokalemia occurs, the mechanism of muscle weakness is () Negative A.Em decrease, Et constant, Em-Et = distance Negative B.Em down, Et constant, Em-Et distance: C.Em Et = Em-Et, negative constant, distance = D.Em = Et negative, down, down from Em-Et E.Em = Et = Em-Et, negative, distance matrix 11. abnormal alkaline urine is common in () A. lactic acidosis, B. respiratory acidosis C. hypokalemic alkalosis D. hyperkalemia acidosis E. respiratory alkalosis 12.