花生饼中黄曲霉毒素化学脱毒的研究.docVIP

中国粮油学报 Jo ur nal of t he Chinese Cereals and Oils Associatio n 1997 年 4 月 第 12 卷第 2 期 Vol . 12 ,No . 2 Ap r . 1997 花生饼中黄曲霉毒素化学脱毒的研究 冯定远 3 P . P . At reja 3 3 摘 要 含黄曲霉毒素的花生饼被用于脱毒处理 ,使用亚硫酸氢钠 、氢氧化钠 、氯化钠 、次氯酸 钠 、氨水和尿素作为化学脱毒剂 。除了次氯酸钠用量为 0 . 25 % 、0 . 5 %和 1 . 0 %水平以及尿素用量 为 1 %至 5 %以外 ,其余脱毒剂用量为 1 % 、2 %和 3 %水平 。处理时间为 1 至 3 天 ( 尿素组为 1 至 5 天) 。亚硫酸氢钠处理使黄曲霉毒素下降 91 . 89 %至 93 . 10 % ;氢氧化钠 3 %水平处理 3 天使黄曲 霉毒素下降 91 . 70 % ;而氯化钠 3 %处理 3 天仅减少 31 . 76 % ;氨 3 %处理 3 天降低毒素 81 . 44 % ;而 次氯酸钠 1 %可使毒素减少 96 . 65 % 。尿素的作用速度较慢 。 关键词 黄曲霉毒素 化学脱毒 花生饼 A St udy o n Deto xificatio n of Aflato xins in Gro undnut Cake by Chemical Treat ment s Abstract At temp t s were made to deto xify aflato xins co ntaminated gro undnut cake ( GN C) sam2 ples wit h total aflato xins ( TAf ) f ro m 85pp b to 100pp b and wit h abo ut 53 . 27pp b , 19 . 15pp b 8 . 57pp b and 5 . 26pp b of AfB1 , AfB2 ,Af G1 and Af G2 respectively. So dium bisulp hite ( T - Ⅰ) ,so dim hydro xide ( T - Ⅱ) , so dium chlo ride ( T - Ⅲ) and ammo nia t reat ment ( T - Ⅳ) at 1 , 2 and 3 %level , so dim hypochlo rite ( T - Ⅴ) at 0 . 25 ,0 . 5 and 1 . 0 % level and urea ( T - Ⅵ) at 1 to 5 %level of DM of GN C were applpied. The samples were sealed in polyt hene bags and sto red at roo m temperat ure fo r 1to 3 days excep t fo r urea w hich was sto red fo r 1 - 5 days. In T - 1 , TAf reductio n was 91 . 89 to 93 . 1 % wit h 2 to 3 % level fo r 3 days. In T - Ⅱ,3 % level fo r 3days reduced 91 . 70 % TAf wit h 6 . 45pp b of AfB1 and 0 . 6pp b of Af B2 . T - Ⅲ at 3 % level fo r 3 days reduced 31 . 76 % TAf . T - Ⅲcaused reduc2 tio n of 10 . 22 % of B1 and B2 , 75 . 52 % of G1 and G2 . T - Ⅳ at 3 % level fo r 3 days reduced TAf by 81 . 44 % wit h 15 . 80pp b of AfB1 in t he sample . T - Ⅴ, TAf decreased by 93 . 32 % to 96 . 65 % at 0 . 25 to 1 % level . The effectiveness of T - I to T - Ⅵin deto xif ying aflato xins was Ⅴ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅳ Ⅵ Ⅲ. Ex2 cep t T - V , bot h levels of chemicals and duratio n were impo rtant fo