Threads Yale University（线程耶鲁大学）.pdfVIP

C H A P T E R 4 Threads Threads are the fundamental model of program execution in a Java program, and the Java language and its API provide a rich set of features for the creation and management of threads. All Java programs comprise at least a single thread of control that begins execution in the program’s main() method. 4.1 Creating Java Threads There are two techniques for creating threads in a Java program. One approach is to create a new class that is derived from the Thread class and to override its run() method. However, the most common technique is to define a class that implements the Runnable interface. The Runnable interface is defined as follows: public interface Runnable { public abstract void run(); } When a class implements Runnable, it must define a run() method. The code implementing the run() method is what runs as a separate thread. Figure 4.1 shows the Java version of a multithreaded program that determines the summation of a non-negative integer. The Summation class implements the Runnable interface. Thread creation is performed by creating an object instance of the Thread class and passing the constructor a Runnable object. Creating a Thread object does not specifically create the new thread; rather, it is the start() method that actually creates the new thread. Calling the start() method for the new object does two things: 1. It allocates memory and initializes a new thread in the JVM . 2. It calls the run() method, making the