Transient mold fluid flow with well and （瞬态模与好,流体流动）.pdfVIP

Transient mold fluid flow with well- and mountain- bottom nozzles in continuous casting of steel a b a b R. Chaudhary , Go-Gi Lee , B. G. Thomas , Seon-Hyo Kim ,aDepartment of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign 1206 W. Green St., Urbana, IL, USA, 61801 bDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 790-784, South Korea Abstract: Nozzle shape plays a key role in determining the flow pattern in the mold of the continuous casting process under both steady-state and transient conditions. This work applies computational models and experiments with a 1/3rd-scale water model to characterize flow in the nozzle and mold to evaluate well-bottom and mountain-bottom nozzle performance. Velocities predicted with the three-dimensional k-ε turbulence model agree with both particle image velocimetry and impeller measurements in the water model. The steady-state jet velocity and angle leaving the ports is similar for the two nozzle bottom designs. However, the results show that nozzles with a mountain- shaped bottom are more susceptible to problems from asymmetric flow, low-frequency surface flow variations, and excessive surface velocities. The same benefits of the well- bottom nozzle are predicted for flow in the steel caster. Key Words: Nozzle bottom, water model, PIV, asymmetry, time variations, computational model, k- epsilon, turbulence I. Introduction Both the steady-state flow pattern and transient variations in the mold cavit