WASTE WATER TREATMENT Department of （废水处理部门）.pdfVIP

HLTHMAN, volume 20 part 8 CHAPTER 2 WASTE WATER TREATMENT 2 2.1 This chapter is concerned with liquid wastes as found at permanent locations. Although field-type wastes are mentioned in this chapter, they are discussed in more detail in part 2. Australian Defence Force health staff should coordinate with the appropriate overseas or domestic health authorities to ensure compliance with applicable health and environmental regulations. 2.2 The wastewater discussed in this section is predominantly of domestic origin. Varying amounts of industrial and laboratory wastewaters can be collected and treated with the sanitary sewage. The primary purpose of the treatment of sewage is to prevent the pollution of the receiving waters. Many techniques have been devised to accomplish this aim for both small and large quantities of sewage. Figure 2–1: Schematic of a typical wastewater treatment plant 2.3 In general, these processes are divided into three stages: preliminary (physical), primary (physical) treatment and secondary (biological) treatment. Figure 2–1 provides a schematic of a typical wastewater treatment plant. Minimally, wastewater should receive primary (physical removal/settling) and secondary (biological) treatment, which can be followed by disinfection before discharge. More advanced processes (advanced or tertiary treatment) may be required for special wastes. When the effluent from secondary treatment is unacceptable, a third level of treatment, tertiary treatment, can be employed. There are many basic types of sewage treatment plants employing both primary and secondary treatment stages that are in use today for treating large quantiti