第3章第五节句子写作应注意几个问题-句子写作典型错误分析.docVIP

第3章第五节句子写作应注意几个问题-句子写作典型错误分析 您下载的该电子书来自:TXT书库 欢迎访问: 第五节句子写作应注意的几个问题 二、句子写作典型错误分析 (一)句子结构不完整 不完整的句子指以大写字母开头，以句号、问号或感叹号结束但缺少主语或谓语的独立结构。它呈现为以下几种情形： 1. 从句：从句只是句子的一个成分——状语、定语、主语、宾语、表语、同位语。它不能独立成句子，除非把从句的引导词如 because，if 等去掉。 ［例1］First, we would have more roads built. Because with the increase of the cars, our roads now become more and more crowded.（×） First, we would have more roads built because with the increase of the cars, our roads now become more and more crowded.（√） First, we would have more roads built. With the increase of the cars, our roads now become more and more crowded.（√） 2. 词组：即把词组当做一个句子用，但由于词组经常没有谓语，所以不能独立成句。 ［例1］There are three people in my family. My father, my mother and I.（×） There are three people in my family: my father, my mother and I.（√） ［例2］There are lots of toys on my bed. Such as rabbits, bears, dogs and etc.（×） There are lots of toys on my bed, such as rabbits, bears, and dogs.（√） ［例3］To save money. He had instant noodles every day.（×） To save money, he had instant noodles every day.（√） ［例4］I like eating juicy fruits. For example, oranges.（×） I like eating juicy fruits, for example, oranges.（√） (二)谓语动词和非谓语动词不分 谓语动词以具体的时态、人称、数出现，在句中做谓语。如：He works as a doctor in the town hospital. 其中谓语 works 呈现为一般现在时、第三人称单数。 非谓语动词以不定式、-ing 形式、-ed 形式出现(to do, doing, done)，在句中作“非谓语”，即除谓语以外的其他句子成分，如：主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。 ［例1］I know that there are many students still live in poverty, and they want to go to school very much.（×） I know that there are many students still living/who still live in poverty, and they want to go to school very much.（√） I know that many students still live in poverty, and want to go to school very much.（√） ［例2］Be optimistic is one of the keys to success.（×） Being optimistic is one of the keys to success.（√） Optimism is one of the keys to success.（√） ［例3］I was still thinking if let him know it.（×） I was still thinking if I should let him know it.（√） ［例4］Compare with those one-child families, my family is rare