初中化学所有知识点总结（Summary of all knowledge in junior middle school chemistry）.docVIP

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初中化学所有知识点总结（Summary of all knowledge in junior middle school chemistry）.doc

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初中化学所有知识点总结（Summary of all knowledge in junior middle school chemistry）

初中化学所有知识点总结（Summary of all knowledge in junior middle school chemistry） 1. Chemical change: changes in other substances are produced 2. Physical change: no change in the formation of other substances 3. Physical properties: properties that do not require chemical changes (e.g. color, state, density, odour, melting point, boiling point, hardness, water solubility, etc.) 4. Chemical properties: the properties of a substance in a chemical change (for example, flammability, combustion supporting, oxidation, reduction, pH, stability, etc.) 5. Pure substance: consisting of a substance 6. Mixture: consisting of two or more than two pure substances, each substance retains its original nature 7. Elements: a class of atoms with the same number of nuclear charges (i.e., protons) 8 atom: the smallest particle in chemical change, which can not be subdivided in chemical change 9. Molecules: the smallest particles that retain the chemical properties of the material and can be subdivided in chemical changes 10. Simple substance consisting of the same elements 11. Compound: a pure substance composed of various elements 12. Oxide: a compound of two elements, one of which is oxygen 13, chemical formula: element symbols to represent the material composition. 14. Relative atomic mass: the value of the mass of a carbon atom as the standard, and the mass of other atoms as compared with that of 1/12 The relative atomic mass of an atom = The relative atomic mass is the proton number + neutron number (because the atomic mass mainly concentrated in the nucleus) 15. Relative molecular mass: the sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in a chemical formula 16: an atom or group of atoms with charge 17. Atomic structure: The relation of atom and ion: Note: in ion, nuclear charge number = the number of protons outside the nuclear and electron number 18, four basic types of chemical reactions: Chemical reaction: the reaction of two or more than two substances to form a substance Such as: A +