历史选修（History elective）.docVIP

历史选修（History elective） The first unit of the reform of Solon Time: at the beginning of sixth Century BC Region: Europe, Greece, Athens, Polis Historical background (or reason): 1. The implementation of aristocratic politics made the contradiction between nobles and civilians sharp, hindered the development of productive forces and needed to be eased. To provide the necessary conditions for 2, Athenss geographical environment and economic prosperity for the reform of Solon slavery. 3, industry and Commerce slave rise, aristocratic political corruption makes business slaves and civilians united together to resist the aristocracy, Solon reform has become inevitable. 4 Solon, through their own efforts, in Athens set a higher prestige, becoming the chief executive. The main contents are as follows: the promulgation of negative order, the release of debt slaves, and the return of the mortgaged land. The enactment of a will law stipulates that no child may give property to a designated heir. Establishing property classification system, dividing political rights according to the amount of property, and providing corresponding obligations. Restoration of the supreme power of the civil assembly and the establishment of the four hundred person conference as the permanent body of the civil assembly. In judicial respect, the establishment of a civil jury court is the highest judicial organ. The promulgated a series of laws to promote economic development, encourage the development of industry and commerce, expand civilian jobs, strengthen the strength of Athens city. The historical role (or limitations): (1) reform opened the way for the revitalization and prosperity of the city states of Athens. It shook the aristocratic autocratic rule, and laid the foundation for the establishment of democratic politics in Athens city-state. But it did not completely solve the contradiction between the civilians and the nobles. The nature of the reform (essential): Solon reform is a social an