竞争对不同基因型玉米产量及氮素含量影响.docVIP

竞争对不同基因型玉米产量及氮素含量影响 　　摘要：通过大田试验，比较研究了不同基因型玉米在混播时的竞争能力与产量之间的关系。研究结果表明，在不同密度条件下，竞争可以使4个玉米品种的产量发生变化，紧凑型玉米品种产量较对照有所提高，其他3个品种显著降低；竞争显著增加了ZD958叶片N素含量，而其他3个品种叶片N素积累量显著下降；另外，竞争显著升高了4个品种茎秆和籽粒中的N素含量。说明不同基因型玉米之间的竞争力存在差异，紧凑型玉米品种ZD958在4个玉米品种当中具有较强的竞争能力。 　关键词：玉米；竞争；基因型；氮素含量 　 　Effects of Competitive on Yield and Nitrogen Content of Different Genotype Maize 　AN Hong-ming1,2, YANG Hao-wen2, WANG Hong-jing3, DONG Shu-ting1 　（1.Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, China ;2.Govemment of Shangzhuang,Rongcheng,Shandong264300, China;3.Party School of Rongcheng Municipal Committee, Rongcheng,Shandong264300, China） 　Abstract：A field trial was used to study the relationship between competitiveability and productive performance of different genotype. The results were as follows.There were changes on the yield of the four genotype maize in different density, which was caused by competition in different varieties. Compared to the control, there was improvement in yield of the compact type of corn,but reduction significantly of that in other varieties.Competition enhanced the accumulation of N in the leaves of ZD958 obviously, where as that in the leaves of other 3 varieties decreased significantly. Compared with the control, the nitrogen content in stem and seeds of the four varieties in the competition treatment was increased obviously.The results showed that there were differences between the different genotypes maize.Compared with four genotype maize,the cometitive ability of ZD958 was higher. 　Key words: maize; competitive ability; genotype; nitrogen content 　 　玉米作为全世界三大粮食作物之一，为了培育更适应环境和高产的新品种，对其育种过程的研究就显得尤为重要。毫无疑问，在比较评价不同年代的玉米品种时，籽粒性状和农艺性状是基本指标，但是竞争力也同样具有重要意义。对竞争力指标的研究不仅有助于从进化角度选择玉米新品种，而且对植物竞争的研究也具有理论指导意义。对作物竞争力的研究具有相当长的历史，但主要集中于作物”“杂草竞争带来的产量损失的研究上，或者是不同环境条件下的种间竞争，或者是间作作物之间的互利作用导致的相对产量的提高[1-6]。但是关于不同玉米品种之间的竞争力的比较却鲜有报道。本研究目的在于，确定不同基因型玉米品种在混播条件下的竞争能力与单播条件下的产量和氮积累之间存在的关系，为今后栽培和育种提供一定的理论基础。 　 　1材料和方法 　 　1.1试