典型黑土耕作区土壤结构对季节性冻融的响应-应用生态学报.PDFVIP

应 用 生 态 学 报摇 2010年7月摇 第21卷摇 第7期摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 ChineseJournal of Applied Ecology,Jul. 2010,21(7):1744-1750 典典型黑土耕作区土壤结构对季节性冻融的响应* 王恩姮摇 赵雨森摇 陈祥伟** (东北林业大学,哈尔滨 150040) 摘摇 要摇 以东北典型黑土耕作区土壤为研究对象,通过对一季冻融交替后土壤团聚体、土壤 楔入阻力、容重、孔隙度、饱和度、广义土壤结构指数等指标的测定和分析,对比研究了季节性 冻融对黑土耕作土壤结构特征的影响.结果表明:季节性冻融加剧了黑土耕作区土壤风干团 聚体的分散,但显著降低了水稳性团聚体的破坏率(P0郾05),表现出促进其团聚的作用;季 -3 节性冻融后黑土土壤楔入阻力降低了15郾45%;容重趋于一致,在1郾10 ~1郾11 g ·cm 之间; 固相比例持续增加,总孔隙度与毛管孔隙度均不同程度降低;土壤饱和度总体增加了 13郾06%,削弱了土壤潜在贮水能力.季节性冻融改善了耕作区的土壤结构,使之更适于耕作. 虽然季节性冻融增强了土壤团聚体的抗蚀性,却削弱了土壤的抗冲性,增加了黑土水蚀发生 的风险. 关键词摇 黑土摇 季节性冻融摇 土壤饱和度摇 土壤团聚体摇 广义土壤结构指数 文章编号摇 1001-9332(2010)07-1744-07摇 中图分类号摇 S152郾4摇 文献标识码摇 A Responses of soil structure to seasonal freezing鄄thawing in a typical black soil cultivated region. WANGEn鄄heng,ZHAOYu鄄sen,CHENXiang鄄wei (NortheastForestry University,Harbin 150040,China).鄄Chin.J.Appl.Ecol. ,2010,21(7):1744-1750. Abstract:Takingthesoilinatypicalblacksoilcultivatedregionastestobject,thispaperanalyzed its aggregate size distribution,wedge resistance, bulk density, porosity, saturation degree, and generalized structure index after a seasonal freezing鄄thawing cycle,and evaluated the effects of the freezing鄄thawingcycleonthesoilstructuralcharacters. Theseasonalfreezing鄄thawingcycleaggrava鄄 ted the disruption of air鄄dried aggregates,but strengthened the aggregation of water鄄stable aggre鄄 gates and lowered their destruction rate. After thefreezing鄄thawing cycle,soilwedge resistance de鄄 creased by 15郾45%,and soil bulk density remained relatively constant from 1郾10 to 1郾11 g · -3