运动损伤与急救1（Sports injuries and first aid 1）.docVIP

运动损伤与急救1（Sports injuries and first aid 1） First, the anatomy of the ankle joint The ankle is composed of the distal tibia and fibula and the talus, and the distal tibia and fibula are joined by tough ligaments. The anterior and posterior laxity of the ankle joint is tight, with bilateral collateral ligament reinforcement, and the medial collateral ligament is more tenacious than the lateral ligament, and the varus motion of the foot is greater than that of the valgus. Two, ankle joint sports injury examination method 1 forced varus test The examiner holds the affected limb in one hand, the lower part of the lower leg is fixed, and the other hand has the outer side of the foot to reverse the ankle joint. If the lateral pain is present, there is no abnormal motion of the ankle joint, which indicates a sprain of the lateral lateral ligament of the ankle. If both sides contrast, from the upper side of the joint opening increase, abnormal inversion of activity, it is suggested that the anterior cruciate ligament or fibular ligament simultaneous tear. 2 、 forced valgus test Check the hand holding the limb lower leg fixed, another hand foot lateral ankle valgus, if the medial ankle pain, no joint instability, suggesting that the deltoid ligament sprain; if accompanied by joint instability, abnormal valgus activity, suggesting that rupture of deltoid ligament. 3 ankle drawer test The examiner holds the lower part of the lower limb, the other holding the heel, and makes the talus move forward or backward. Two ankle contrast, if the range of motion of the affected side was more positive, it indicated that the lateral or medial ligament of ankle joint was broken completely. 4, pinch the hallux valgus resistance test Check the pinch limb toe, ask the patient to do foot ankle plantar flexion eversion of the fifth metatarsal base, if the pain is positive, suggesting that the fifth metatarsal base pipe fracture. 5. Pinch triceps test The two patients prone to the side of the bed.