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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 1471-1508; doi:10.3390/ijm OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Review Acetylene-Based Materials in Organic Photovoltaics Fabio Silvestri 1,† and Assunta Marrocchi 2,* 1 Department of Materials Science, University of Milan–Bicocca, via Cozzi, 53, I-20125, Milan, Italy; E-Mail: fabio.silvestri@mater.unimib.it 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy † Present address: Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, HCI G 304 Wolfgang-Pauli-Straβe 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland; E-Mail: silvestri@org.chem.ethz.ch. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: assunta@unipg.it; Tel.: +39-075-585-5547; Fax: +39-075-585-5560. Received: 15 March 2010 / Accepted: 29 March 2010 / Published: 8 April 2010 Abstract: Fossil fuel alternatives, such as solar energy, are moving to the forefront in a variety of research fields. Organic photovoltaic systems hold the promise of a lightweight, flexible, cost-effective solar energy conversion platform, which could benefit from simple solution-processing of the active layer. The discovery of semiconductive polyacetylene by Heeger et al. in the late 1970s was a milestone towards the use of organic materials in electronics; the development of efficient protocols for the p