硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备研究.doc

学士学位论文 论文题目: 碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料 制备研究 摘 要 颗粒增强铝基复合材料具有优异的高温强度、高耐磨性、高比刚度等力学性能和良好的可加工性等优点，近年来获得了长足发展。碳化硅是一种性能优良的非氧化物陶瓷材料，具有硬度高、耐磨、耐高温、成本低等优点，被广泛地用作颗粒增强体来制备金属基复合材料。 本文采用粉末冶金法利用微波真空烧结工艺制备了性能优异的铝基复合材料。烧结工艺方面通过不同包埋方式研究对烧结体的外观影响；原料制备方面通过对复合材料的增强体进行了表面氧化和表面镀铜改性，改善了增强体和基体之间的润湿性，较好地解决了界面结合问题。并对复合材料的物理性能和力学性能进行了研究。 采用压制体外部包覆石棉层的包埋方式烧结可以使烧结体保温效果好，外观平整。通过表面镀铜，可使铜颗粒包覆在碳化硅表面，改善碳化硅与金属基体的结合。研究表明，从700℃～780℃烧结温度研究，最佳烧结温度为740℃；经过表面改性的碳化硅粉增强铝基所得复合材料中碳化硅分布均匀，与铝的界面结合情况好；复合材料的密度可以达到2.66g/cm3，达到理论密度的97.10%；维氏硬度可达56.30MPa；复合材料的抗弯、抗拉、抗压等力学性能均优于原碳化硅粉增强铝基所得复合材料，分别达到93.81MPa、7.00 MPa、229.47 MPa。 关键字：碳化硅颗粒，铝基复合材料，微波真空烧结，表面改性，物理力学性能 ABSTRACT Since particles reinforced Al matrix composites show superior properties such as high strength at high temperatures,wear resistance,high specific rigidity and easy to process,they are paid more and more attention by the industry.Silieon carbide particle is a kind of high performance non-metallic oxide ceramic material,which has the advantages of high rigidity and wear-resistance,high temperature resistance and low cost,it is widely used as reinforced particles to produce metallic composites. This paper adopts powder metallurgy using microwave vacuum sintering process method of preparation of the excellent performance aluminum matrix composites. Sintering process through the different embedding way to the appearance of sintered body studies influence; Raw materials for the preparation of composite materials by the enhanced body surface oxidation and surface modification of copper, improved the enhance body and matrix wettability between to better solve the interface combination. And the physical properties of composite materials and mechanical properties were studied. By use of pressing body external coated layers of embedding way asbestos sintering can make sinter heat preservation effect better, exterior level off. Through the surface coating, can make the copper