vb12（vb12）.docVIP

vb12（vb12） Vitamin B12 Bioengineering 0712 Xu Xu 2007221061 1. Basic concepts Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin) also known as cyanocobalamin, also known as animal protein factor, is a general term for a class containing similar vitamin cyanocobalamin active substances. It is the only water-soluble vitamin containing metal ions, but also one of the essential vitamins. Vitamin B12, melting point is very high (not melting at 320 degrees), odorless, tasteless, anhydrous form of vitamin B12, dark red needle crystal, very easy to absorb moisture, crystal water absorption, stable in the air. Vitamin B12 soluble in water, insoluble in ethanol, insoluble in acetone, chloroform and ether, can be decomposed in strong light, at 210~220 degrees high temperature will change color, and can be decomposed under strong acid or strong alkali. It is the most stable in the weak acid environment of pH4.5 ~ 5. Synthetic vitamin B12 is cyanocobalamin, which was formed in the segregation of cobalamin. It is a red crystalline, very stable, has been commercialized, can be used for food fortification and nutritional supplements. Plant cells do not synthesize vitamin B12, so most vegetable foods do not contain vitamin B12, and vitamin B12 is concentrated in animal tissues. 2, the main physiological functions of vitamin B12 2.1 improve the utilization rate of folic acid and folic acid, with the synthesis of methionine (by homocysteine synthesis) and choline, Shenji pioneer substances such as methyl cobalamin cyanocobalamin and coenzyme B12 synthesis process of purines and pyrimidines, methylation is involved in many important compounds. When vitamin B12 deficiency occurs, the activity of transferring methyl groups from methyl folate decreases, causing folic acid to become unavailable and cause folic acid deficiency. 2.2 maintain the metabolism and function of nerve myelin sheath. Lack of vitamin B12 can cause neurological disorders, spinal degeneration, and can cause serious mental symptoms. Vitamin