直接引语和间接引语(教师用).docVIP

直接引语和间接引语 He said, “I am very sorry. ” He said that he was very sorry. 何谓“引语”？： 引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。 直接引语间接引语 直接引用别人的原话(两边用引号“ ”标出) 用自己的语言转述别人的话(不需要引号) “直接引语” V.S. “间接引语” 区别： 联系： （上图所示） 都是“引语” 所以：两者可以相互转换。 考点：“直引”转化为“间引”。 重要概念： 引述动词 （引述分句）He said that he was very sorry . （转述分句） 如何转换？ 改写以下“三方面” 人称时间状语地点状语人称的转变 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She saidMy brother wants to go with me. →She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. How is your sister now?→He asked Kate how her sister was then “第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr Smith said Jack is a good worker.→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker. He said, “I am very sorry. She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight. ” ※He said that he was very sorry. ※She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 时间状语、地点状语某些对比性的指示代词和动词 “词对词”状语转换一览表 时间状语 地点状语 某些指示代词 某些方向性动词 now... then today...that day This week/year...that week/year yesterday...the day before last week/year...the week /year two days ago...two days before tomorrow...the next /following day next week...the next/following week in three hours... three hours later/afterwards here ....there This…that These…those Come…go Bring…take 式对式 时态的转变： “时态逆移规则” “I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. →She said she was very glad to visit our school. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music. ” EXE. →Tom said that they _were____ listening to the pop music. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?” →Mother asked me whether I __had___ ___f inishied__ my homework before I _watched____TV. 即，“时态逆移规则”：?直接引语改为间接引语时，主动词如果是过去时，(从句)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态 : 一般式 进行式 完成式 一般过去时→→过去完成时 一般现在时→→一般过去时 一般将来时→→过去将来时 过去进行时 现在进行时→→过去进行时 将来进行时→→过去将来进行时 过去完成时 现在完成时→→过去完成时 将来完成时→→过去将