大棚草莓-辣椒-玉米周年高效间套模式探析.docVIP

大棚草莓-辣椒-玉米周年高效间套模式探析 赵平1 刘超1 吕少波1 刘冰1 潘德亮2 （1徐州市贾汪区土肥作栽站 2贾汪区耿集农技推广中心 221011） 摘要：自2010年以来，草莓作为贾汪区又一主导产业得以长足发展，成为农民增收致富的新亮点。截至目前，全区各类设施草莓栽培面积2万亩，其中钢架大棚模式85%以上。大棚草莓生育周期多为8月下旬移栽，翌年5月中下旬拉秧，但在实际生产中，多数农户草莓生产采取纯作方式，特别是草莓收获后距离下一轮栽培近3个月时间，多数棚体杂草丛生、闲置，形成棚体、土地等资源浪费现象。围绕提高大棚的利用率和种植效益，贾汪区经过反复实验、示范，成功探索出大棚草莓-辣椒-玉米周年高效间套种植技术，经济效益十分显著。 关键词：大棚;草莓;辣椒;玉米;高效间套 Research on Effective Greenhouse Strawberry-peppers-corn Intercropping Planting Mode Zhao Ping Liu Chao Lv Shao bo Liu Bing Pan De liang （Soil Fertilizer for Planting Bureau , Jiawang District Xuzhou，Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Gengji Town, Jiawang District，221011） Abstract: Since2010, the strawberry industry, as another leading industry in Jiawang District, has been developed and has become a new attraction for farmers to increase income. Up till now, the whole area in our district has been up to 20,000 mu of land, of which iron-based greenhouse model accounts for more than 85%. As is known, the trellis strawberry is usually planted during the last ten-day period of August and drags the seeding plants during the last twenty-day period of May the following year. However, in the process of real production, most peasant households just adopt a single cropping pattern. Thus, during the three months when the land is idle, most trellis greenhouses are covered with grass, thus making the land resource a waste. In order to increase the utilization rate of greenhouse and improve the planting efficiency, after numerous experiments, Jiawang District succeeds in finding out skills in greenhouse strawberry-peppers-corn intercropping planting and finally achieves excellent economic benefits. Key word: greenhouse；strawberry；peppers；corn；effective intercropping 1 茬口安排 草莓于8月底9月初大棚露地移栽，11月中下旬草莓开始上市，次年3月中旬至4月末达盛果期，5月中下旬收获结束；辣椒于元月下旬温室内营养钵育苗，4月上旬移栽于草莓垄间，5月中旬辣椒开始上市，6月底辣椒收获结束，辣椒、草莓共生期40～50天；玉米于5月上旬点播于草莓垄间距间，7月中旬作为鲜食玉米采收或8月上旬作为饲用玉米收获，玉米、草莓共生期短，辣椒、玉米共生期50天左右；8月中旬玉米收获后开始大棚内整地、作垄准备定植草莓，新一轮周年栽培模式开始。 2 栽培技术 2.1 草莓栽培 2.11整地作垄 8