3油化知识--益海.ppt

Agenda 目录 Introduction 简介 Type of Raw Material 油化工业的原料 Basic Chemistry of Oils Fats 油脂的基础知识 Fatty Acids 脂肪酸 Natural fatty acids are organic acids derived from oils and fats, 天然脂肪酸是从油脂中提取的一种有机酸 Naturally occurring oils and fats contain three molecules of fatty acids combined with one molecule of glycerol, 天然脂肪酸一般含有三分子脂肪酸和一分子甘油 Produced through a process which separates the fatty acids from the glycerol 通过高压水解可以从油脂中分离出脂肪酸和甘油 Natural fatty acids mostly contains even chain lengths, 大部分天然脂肪酸含有偶数碳链 Fat Splitting 脂肪裂解 A process whereby a triglyceride is split into fatty acids and glycerine in the presence of water under high pressure ( 55 bar (g) and temperature (~ 260 Deg. C) 甘三酯在高温 (~ 260 Deg. C) 高压 ( 55 bar (g ))下，与水反应，裂解生成脂肪酸和甘油的过程 Fatty Acid Distillation脂肪酸蒸馏 A process whereby fatty acids are purified by distilling i.e. Vaporizing and condensing under controlled conditions 通过蒸馏对脂肪酸进行提纯，亦即在一定的条件下对脂肪酸进行蒸发和冷凝的过程 Feed stock 原料 Product 产品 Crude fatty acids Distilled fatty acids 原脂肪酸 蒸馏脂肪酸 Hydrogenated F A Distilled Hyd. F A 氢化脂肪酸 蒸馏氢化脂肪酸 Fatty Acid Fractionation脂肪酸分馏 A process that makes use of the differences in boiling points of mixture of fatty acids to separate them into respective components (chain-length) 利用混合脂肪酸的不同沸点分离出所需的成份碳链长度）的过程 Normally use in produce high purity 99% saturated fatty acids such as Caprylic (C8), Capric (C10), Lauric (C12), Myristic (C14), Palmitic (C16), Stearic (C18) and Behenic acid. 通常用来生产纯度大于99%的饱和脂肪酸，如亚羊酯酸(C8)、羊醋酸(C10)、月桂酸(C12)、豆蔻酸(C14)、棕榈酸(C16)、硬脂酸(C18)及酸 Hydrogen Production氢气生产 Hydrogen generation through: 可以通过以下方式得到氢气： Cracking of methanol 甲醇裂解 Steam reforming of LPG/NG 液化气/天然气裂解 Electrolysis of water 电解水 NG/LPG reacts with steam under high pressure and temperature to produce ultra pure hydrogen gas 在高温高压下天然气/液化气可与蒸汽反应生成纯氢气 Fatty Acid Hydrogenation脂肪酸氢化 Hydrogenation