沃尔特·格罗皮乌斯 古斯鞋楦工厂--15日未翻译概论.docVIP

沃尔特·格罗皮乌斯: 古斯鞋楦工厂 【摘要】从沃尔特·格罗皮乌斯建筑思想的角度出发，通过分析研究其的经典作品，探讨了其思想对建筑设计的影响。 【关键词】沃尔特·格罗皮乌斯，现代主义建筑，包豪斯，玻包豪斯This three-story building was built by a reinforced concrete structure.Its walls were made of lightweight metal panels and glass which only existed as a maintenance component and were completely detached from the load-bearing pillar. So the house appeared light and through the glass, you can clearly see indoor and outdoor and light fell into the room without hindrance. In the daytime, before the critical point of illumination, the office staff can get adequate lighting from the glass without the help of artificial lighting.In the corner of the building, the walls or corner post were replaced by glass which made the building no longer dull and heavy.Lightweight and transparent glass walls turned over naturally, smoothly and continuously,which formed a sharp contrast with the thick and stocky buildings entrance. All of this made the thick walls disappear, and more space can be used.Before Gropius,no architects dared to do so.At that time most of the factories had no windows, while Gropius boldly introduced to use,bringing the dark, stained factories full of light.We believe that this factory construction brought about a revolution in the construction industry at that time. The design concept of providing a good working environment for the working class can be seen with a little taste of modernism. 格罗皮乌斯采用的玻璃幕墙和转角窗这一创举，不仅成为了现代建筑新的建筑语言，为当时以及后来的建筑师们提供了新设计手法和新的美学观点，而且显露出建筑的功能和外观是与现代材料和结构技术分不开的这一亘古不变的道理。它影响现代建筑至今。 在2011年6月25日，世界教科文组织在法国巴黎召开的第35届世界遗产大会上宣布，位于德国下萨克森州阿尔菲尔德（Alfeld）的法古斯鞋楦工厂建筑被纳入世界文化遗产名单，将与巴黎凡尔赛宫及科隆大教堂等建筑一样享受世界文化遗产的特殊保护。这也说明，世人对法古斯鞋楦工厂的最大肯定。 纵观现代不同规模的公共建筑、甚至住宅，都广泛使用了法古斯鞋楦工厂的这些作法。我们学习它对现代建筑尊重科技进步的态度，并以合适的方式运用到建筑设计中来展现建筑艺术的设计手法。我们从中获得了一种新的思路和设计方法。这才是法古斯鞋楦工厂真正成功的地方。 这样，法古斯鞋楦工厂大面积玻璃的运用，让玻璃在随后的几十年成了建筑师们设计所不可或缺的最主要的设计材料和标志性的语言。也是那个时期，玻璃也被现代建筑先驱们运用到了极致。它所形成的通透感几乎成了现代建筑的共同特征。② 4 结论 格罗皮乌斯创立包豪斯学校对现代建筑教育具有相当大的贡献。他的建筑思想及参加发起组织现代建筑协会，对传播现