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a symphony of inner ear developmental control genes交响乐的内耳发育基因的控制
Chatterjee et al. BMC Genetics 2010, 11:68
/1471-2156/11/68
REVIEW Open Access
A symphony of inner ear developmental control
genes
1,2 1 1,2*
Sumantra Chatterjee , Petra Kraus , Thomas Lufkin
Abstract
The inner ear is one of the most complex and detailed organs in the vertebrate body and provides us with the
priceless ability to hear and perceive linear and angular acceleration (hence maintain balance). The development
and morphogenesis of the inner ear from an ectodermal thickening into distinct auditory and vestibular compo-
nents depends upon precise temporally and spatially coordinated gene expression patterns and well orchestrated
signaling cascades within the otic vesicle and upon cellular movements and interactions with surrounding tissues.
Gene loss of function analysis in mice has identified homeobox genes along with other transcription and secreted
factors as crucial regulators of inner ear morphogenesis and development. While otic induction seems dependent
upon fibroblast growth factors, morphogenesis of the otic vesicle into the distinct vestibular and auditory compo-
nents appears to be clearly dependent upon the activities of a number of homeobox transcription factors. The
Pax2 paired-homeobox gene is crucial for the specification of the ventral otic vesicle derived auditory structures
and the Dlx5 and Dlx6 homeobox genes play a major role in specification of the dorsally derived vestibular struc-
tures. Some Micro RNAs have also been recently identified which play a crucial role in the inner ear formation.
Review sound or movement- as well as surrounding supporting
Introduction cells. Damage to this small
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