phosphorus accumulation pattern in a subsurface constructed wetland treating residential wastewater磷积累模式在一个地下废水人工湿地处理住宅.pdfVIP

Water 2011, 3, 146-156; doi:10.3390/w3010146 OPEN ACCESS water ISSN 2073-4441 /journal/water Article Phosphorus Accumulation Pattern in a Subsurface Constructed Wetland Treating Residential Wastewater Agnieszka Karczmarczyk 1,* and Gunno Renman 2 1 Department of Environmental Improvement, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159 Nowoursynowska street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Teknikringen 76, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; E-Mail: gunno@kth.se * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: agnieszka_karczmarczyk@sggw.pl; Tel.: +48-22-5935382; Fax: +48-22-5935355. Received: 7 December 2010 / Accepted: 17 January 2011 / Published: 2 7 January 2011 Abstract: A horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland was investigated after eight years of residential wastewater discharge (150 person equivalents). Twenty core samples distributed over the entire wetland were taken from the soil matrix. The distribution pattern of phosphorus (P) accumulation in the substrate of the wetland was determined using kriging technique and P sorption was related to the content of aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe). The correlations found between Al, Ca and Fe content and P accumulation in the bed substrate were weak: R2 = 0.09, R2 = 0.21 and R2 = 0.28, respectively. Great heterogeneity was observed in the distribution of Ca, P and organic matter in the superficial and deep