名 词 中考复习.pptVIP

名 词 * 考点一：不可数名词 不可数名词通常指物质名词和集合名词。物质名词无法分为个体的事物，通常不能与不定冠词连用，自身不能表示具体的数量；抽象名词表示的是可感觉却触摸不到的性质、动作、状态、感情等抽象的概念。常见不可数名词有：money, food, paper, water, fruit, news, work. time, environment, music, air, sand, tea. advice, noise. mind, coffee, kindness等。 特殊用法： 1．不单独用a修饰，不能说a bread。应表达为a piece of bread。其他词组还有：a piece of news，two pieces of paper. three kilos of meat. four glasses of milk, a pair of trousers, a kind of food, a good piece of news等。 2．不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看作单数，不加s。 There is some water in the bottle. 3，常用修饰语有：some，much，a little，little，a lot of=lots of，a bit of等。 4．有些名词既能用作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意义不同。如：fish鱼肉，是不可数名词；a fish一条鱼，是可数名词。a paper，一张报纸，是不可数名词； a paper，一张报纸， 一张试卷,是可数名词。 5.有些词表示物质是不可数名词表示种类是可数名词. food foods ,fruitfruits 解题指导 1.-Oh, there isnt enough ___for us in the life. -No hurry. Lets wait for the next. A．ground B．floor C．place D．room 2.-What would you like to drink, girls? ____ , please. A．Two cup of coffee B．Two cups of coffees C．Two cups of coffee D．Two cup of coffees 3. Look! There are _____ on Anns desk. A. two bottles of orange juice B. two bottle of oranges juice C. two bottle of orange juice D. two bottles of oranges juice D C A 考点二：可数名词的复数形式 1．规则变化 leaves, knives, lives, thieves, wives, halves ,shelves, wolves 例外:roofs, handkerchiefs 变f或fe为v加es 以f或fe结尾 boys , keys , days, monkeys 词尾+s 以元音+y结尾 libraries, dictionaries, stories: babies, cities 变y为i加es 以辅音+y结尾 tomatoes, heroes, potatoes 词尾+es photos, radios, zoos, pianos 一般情况+s 以o结尾 classes , watches , boxes , buses , brushes, dresses, sandwiches 词尾+es 以s，sh,ch，x结尾 pencils, cups, desks, gates, hens, bags , days 词尾+s 一般单词 例词 变化规则 名词特征 2，不规则变化 woman teacher-women teachers man doctor-men doctors 由man或woman构成的复合词前后两词皆变为复数 sheep-sheep , deer-deer ,fish-fish , Chinese-Chinese , Japanese-Japanese 单、复数词形 child-children 词尾发生变化 foot-feet , tooth-teeth ,man- men ， woman- women . mouse-mice goose-geese 元音发生变化 例词 变化 3．貌似复数，实为单数：news，physics，