17国际民事诉讼中的管辖权.pptVIP

* 第十七章 国际民事诉讼中的管辖权 17-1 国际民事诉讼中的主要问题 17-2 国际民事管辖权的概念、种类 和意义 17-3 国际民事管辖权的确定及其排除 17-4 有关国际民事管辖权的国际公约 17-5 我国关于国际民事管辖权的立法 17-1 国际民事诉讼中的主要问题 外国人的民事诉讼地位（诉讼费用担保制度、代理问题）/管辖权/送达/取证/判决的相互承认与执行 17-2 国际民事管辖权的概念、种类和意义 ◆属地管辖权与属人管辖权 ◆对人管辖权与对物管辖权 ◆专属管辖权与任意管辖权 ◆强制管辖权与协议管辖权 ◆立法管辖权与司法管辖权 17-3 国际民事管辖权的确定及其排除 17-3-1确定管辖权的一般原则 ◆属地管辖原则 ◆属人管辖原则 ◆专属管辖原则 ◆协议管辖原则 17-3-2 司法管辖权的排除 ◆国家及其财产的豁免问题 ◆外交与领事人员的特权与豁免 ◆有效的仲裁条款 17-4 有关国际民事管辖权的国际公约 ◆1968年《布鲁塞尔公约》 ◆《海牙管辖权公约草案》简介 17-5 我国关于国际民事管辖权的立法 ◆一般管辖 ◆特殊管辖 ◆专属管辖 ◆协议管辖 ◆推定管辖 Introduction to Jurisdiction “jurisdiction” generally refers to the power of a state, normally exercised through its courts, to establish or alter legal relationships between individuals in a dispute affecting their personal status, their personal interests, or their interests in property that will be binding within that state. In every case, the proper exercise of jurisdiction depends on the existence of three essential elements: (1) Constitutional basis: first of all, constitutional due process requires that the forum state have an adequate basis for jurisdiction over the person or property involved;i.e.,there must be sufficient “contacts” between the state and that person or thing. (2) competent court: secondly, the court in which the action is pending must have authority under its own local statutes to entertain the action in question. This is not a constitutional requirement, but one of statutory power. (3) procedural due process: finally, constitutional due process requires that all parties to an action be afforded reasonable notice and opportunity to be heard. Relationship between jurisdiction and choice of law – “ Minimum contacts”: jurisdiction and choice-of-law decisions are interrelated, in that the Due Process Clause limits the state’s authority to assert jurisdiction over an interstate transaction or nonresident defendants, just as due process consideration limit the forum’s power to apply its own