sterol-derived hormone(s) controls entry into diapause in caenorhabditis elegans by consecutive activation of daf-12 and daf-16sterol-derived激素(s)控制进入滞育在秀丽隐杆线虫的连续激活daf-12 daf-16.pdfVIP

Open access, freely available online PLoS BIOLOGY Sterol-Derived Hormone(s) Controls Entry into Diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans by Consecutive Activation of DAF-12 and DAF-16 1[ 1[ 1 ¨ 1 1 Vitali Matyash , Eugeni V. Entchev , Fanny Mende , Michaela Wilsch-Brauninger , Christoph Thiele , Arndt W. 2 ¨ 2 3 1* Schmidt , Hans-Joachim Knolker , Samuel Ward , Teymuras V. Kurzchalia 1 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany, 2 Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 3 University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America Upon starvation or overcrowding, Caenorhabditis elegans interrupts its reproductive cycle and forms a specialised larva called dauer (enduring). This process is regulated by TGF-b and insulin-signalling pathways and is connected with the control of life span through the insulin pathway components DAF-2 and DAF-16. We found that replacing cholesterol with its methylated metabolite lophenol induced worms to form dauer larvae in the presence of food and low population density. Our data indicate that methylated sterols do not actively induce the dauer formation but rather that the reproductive growth requires a cholesterol-derived hormone that cannot be produced from methylated sterols. Using the effect of lophenol on growth, we have partially purified activity, named gamravali, which promotes the reproduction. In addition, the effect of lophenol allowed us to determine the role of sterols during dauer larva formation and longevity. In the absence of gamravali, the nuclear ho