the association between urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and urinary cadmium in elderly during long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure a pilot study尿肾损伤分子之间的关系1和尿镉在老年人长期低剂量镉暴露一个试点研究.pdfVIP

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the association between urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and urinary cadmium in elderly during long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure a pilot study尿肾损伤分子之间的关系1和尿镉在老年人长期低剂量镉暴露一个试点研究.pdf

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the association between urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and urinary cadmium in elderly during long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure a pilot study尿肾损伤分子之间的关系1和尿镉在老年人长期低剂量镉暴露一个试点研究

Pennemans et al. Environmental Health 2011, 10:77 /content/10/1/77 RESEARCH Open Access The association between urinary kidney injury molecule 1 and urinary cadmium in elderly during long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure: a pilot study 1* 1 2 2,3 2 Valérie Pennemans , Liesbeth M De Winter , Elke Munters , Tim S Nawrot , Emmy Van Kerkhove , 1 4 5,6 2 1,4† 1† Jean-Michel Rigo , Carmen Reynders , Harrie Dewitte , Robert Carleer , Joris Penders and Quirine Swennen Abstract Background: Urinary kidney injury molecule 1 is a recently discovered early biomarker for renal damage that has been proven to be correlated to urinary cadmium in rats. However, so far the association between urinary cadmium and kidney injury molecule 1 in humans after long-term, low-dose cadmium exposure has not been studied. Methods: We collected urine and blood samples from 153 non-smoking men and women aged 60+, living in an area with moderate cadmium pollution from a non-ferrous metal plant for a significant period. Urinary cadmium and urinary kidney injury molecule 1 as well as other renal biomarkers (alpha1-microglobulin, beta2-microglobulin, blood urea nitrogen, urinary proteins and microalbumin) were assessed. Results: Both before (r = 0.20; p = 0.01) and after (partial r = 0.32; p 0.0001) adjustment for creatinine, age, sex, past smoking, socio-economic status and body mass index, urinary kidney injury molecule 1 correlated with urinary cadmium concentrations. No significant association was found between the other studied renal biomarkers and urinary cadmium.