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The Composite Insect Trap: An Innovative Combination Trap for Biologically Diverse Sampling 1 2 3 1 Laura Russo *, Rachel Stehouwer , Jacob Mason Heberling , Katriona Shea 1 Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 2 Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, 3 Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America Abstract Documentation of insect diversity is an important component of the study of biodiversity, community dynamics, and global change. Accurate identification of insects usually requires catching individuals for close inspection. However, because insects are so diverse, most trapping methods are specifically tailored to a particular taxonomic group. For scientists interested in the broadest possible spectrum of insect taxa, whether for long term monitoring of an ecosystem or for a species inventory, the use of several different trapping methods is usually necessary. We describe a novel composite method for capturing a diverse spectrum of insect taxa. The Composite Insect Trap incorporates elements from four different existing trapping methods: the cone trap, malaise trap, pan trap, and flight intercept trap. It is affordable, resistant, easy to assemble and disassemble, and collects a wide variety of insect taxa. Here we describe the design, construction, and effectiveness of the Composite Insect Trap tested during a study of insect diversity. The trap catches a broad array of insects and can eliminate the need to use multiple trap types in biodiversity studies. We propose that the Composite Insect Trap is