the epidemiology and modern management of traumatic hemorrhage us and international perspectives创伤性出血的流行病学和现代管理美国和国际视角.pdfVIP

Available online /supplements/9/S5/S1 Review The epidemiology and modern management of traumatic hemorrhage: US and international perspectives David S Kauvar1 and Charles E Wade2 1Research Fellow, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA 2Physiologist, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA Corresponding author: David S Kauvar, david.kauvar@ Published online: 7 October 2005 Critical Care 2005, 9(Suppl 5):S1-S9 (DOI 10.1186/cc3779) This article is online at /supplements/9/S5/S1 Abstract mortality rate of 83 per 100,000 of the population. Injury Trauma is a worldwide problem, with severe and wide ranging represented 9% of worldwide deaths and 12% of the burden consequences for individuals and society as a whole. Hemorrhage of disease [2]. More than 90% of injury-related fatalities occur is a major contributor to the dilemma of traumatic injury and its in low- and middle-income nations. The highest mortality rates care. In this article we describe the international epidemiology of from injury occur in the less wealthy nations in Eastern traumatic injury, its causes and its consequences, and closely Europe, with the lowest rates in North America, Western examine the role played by hemorrhage in producing traumatic Europe, China, Japan, and Australia [2]. Globally, road traffic morbidity and mortality. Emphasis is placed on defining situations in which traditional methods of hemorrhage control often fail. We injuries result in 1.2 million deaths per year, with a