the global pediatric antiretroviral market analyses of product availability and utilization reveal challenges for development of pediatric formulations and hivaids treatment in children全球儿科抗逆转录病毒市场产品可用性和利用率的分析揭示挑战儿科配方和条件治疗孩子的发展.pdfVIP

Waning et al. BMC Pediatrics 2010, 10:74 /1471-2431/10/74 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access The global pediatric antiretroviral market: analyses of product availability and utilization reveal challenges for development of pediatric formulations and HIV/AIDS treatment in children 1,2* 1 3 4,5 1 2 6 Brenda Waning , Ellen Diedrichsen , Elodie Jambert , Till Bärnighausen , Yun Li , Mieke Pouw , Suerie Moon Abstract Background: Important advances in the development and production of quality-certified pediatric antiretroviral (ARV) formulations have recently been made despite significant market disincentives for manufacturers. This progress resulted from lobbying and innovative interventions from HIV/AIDS activists, civil society organizations, and international organizations. Research on uptake and dispersion of these improved products across countries and international organizations has not been conducted but is needed to inform next steps towards improving child health. Methods: We used information from the World Health Organization Prequalification Programme and the United States Food and Drug Administration to describe trends in quality-certification of pediatric formulations and used 7,989 donor-funded, pediatric ARV purchase transactions from 2002-2009 to measure uptake and dispersion of new pediatric ARV formulations across countries and programs. Prices for new pediatric ARV formulations were compared to alternative dosage forms. Results: Fewer ARV options exist for HIV/AIDS treatment in children than adults. Before 2005, most pediatric ARVs were produced by innovator companies in single-component solid and liquid forms. Five 2-in1 and four 3-in-1 generic pediatric fixed-dose com