C程序设计第五章循环.pptVIP

C Control Statements: Looping 电子对抗研究所 C语言可实现循环的语句 while语句 do — while语句 for语句 goto语句和if语句构成循环 循环控制 The while Statement This is the general form of the while loop: while (expression) statement  The statement part can be a simple statement with a terminating semicolon, or it can be a compound statement enclosed in braces goto语句及用goto构成循环 功能：无条件转移语句 说明： 不能用整数作标号 只能出现在goto所在函数内,且唯一 只能加在可执行语句前面 限制使用goto语句 使用If和goto语句构成循环 辅助控制语句 break语句 The break Statement 功能：在循环语句和switch语句中,终止并跳出循环体或开关体 说明： break只能终止并跳出最近一层的结构 break不能用于循环语句和switch语句之外的任何其它语句之中 A break statement in a loop causes the program to break free of the loop that encloses it and to proceed to the next stage of the program. continue语句The continue Statement 功能：结束本次循环，跳过循环体中尚未执行的语句，进行下一次是否执行循环体的判断 仅用于循环语句中 This statement can be used in the three loop forms. When encountered, it causes the rest of an iteration to be skipped and the next iteration to be started. If the continue statement is inside nested structures, it affects only the innermost structure containing it. continue Another use for continue is as a placeholder. For example, the following loop reads and discards input up to, and including, the end of a line: while (getchar() != \n) ; Such a technique is handy when a program has already read some input from a line and needs to skip to the beginning of the next line. The problem is that the lone semicolon is hard to spot. more readable while (getchar() != \n) continue; Dont use continue if it complicates rather than simplifies the code. Consider the following fragment, for example: while ((ch = getchar() ) != \n) { if (ch == \t) continue; putchar(ch); } continue This loop skips over the tabs and quits only when a newline character is encountered. The loop could have been expressed more economically as this: while ((ch = getchar()) != \n) if (ch != \t) putchar(ch); Often, as in this case, reversing an if test eliminates the